Fending Off Ambiguity at All Costs: Why Women Are Attracted to the Far Right
Palavras-chave:
women, far right, psichoanalysis, critical theory, aggressionResumo
Why do women support far-right leaders, movements, and parties, given their anti-feminist agenda that perpetuates women’s oppression? Women are drawn to the far right because they have a character structure that cannot admit ambiguity. Those who find ambiguity threatening tend to think in rigid categories, which implies their acceptance of binary oppositions, their acceptance of black-and-white solutions, and their total and unqualified acceptance or rejection of other people. In contrast, women with a character structure that can admit ambiguity are less prone to fall for the propaganda tactics of the far right. The far right effectively lures women with a character structure that cannot admit ambiguity to the far right because it offers them rigid binaries, including rigid male/female, friend/enemy, and ingroup/outgroup binaries that allow such women to fend off any ambiguity, which is overwhelming for them. In this paper, I draw on the work on fascism of the Austrian psychoanalytic thinker Elke Frenkel Brunswick and critical theory to provide a psychoanalytically inspired framework that helps explain why any ambiguity is overwhelming for such women and why they must fend off ambiguity at all costs.
Downloads
Referências
ADORNO, Theodor W. (2019), „Prejudice in the Interview Material,“ in Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswick, E., Levinson, D. J., & Sanford The Authoritarian Personality, R. N. Verso, 605-653.
BECK, Dorothee (2021), “A Bridge with Three Pillars. Soldierly Masculinity and Violence in Media Representation in Germany,” Right-Wing Populist Movements and Gender, 65 (2021), 17-35.
BLUM, Rebekka, HAAS, Julia and KÖTTIG, Michaela (2024), "Doubly underestimated: antifeminism and the engagement of far-right women - considerations of supposed contradictions," in Patricia Moynagh and Mary Caputi (eds.), Research Handbook on Feminist Political Thought (Edward Elgar Publishing, Elgar Original Reference series), 117-140.
DIETZE, Gabriele and ROTH, Julia (eds.) (2020), Right-Wing Populism and Gender: European Perspectives and Beyond. Transcript-Verlag.
FANGEN, Katrine and SKJELSBÆK, Inger (2020), “Editorial: special issue on gender and the far right,” Politics, Religion & Ideology, 21 (4), 411-415.
FRENKEL-BRUNSWICK, E. (2019), „Personality as Revealed Through Clinical Interviews,“ in Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswick, E., Levinson, D. J., & Sanford, R. N. The Authoritarian Personality. Verso, 291- 489.
FRENKEL-BRUNSWICK, E. (1948), “Intolerance of Ambiguity as an Emotional and Perceptual Personality Variable,” Journal of Personality, 108-123.
FREUD, S. (1989), Civilization and its Discontents: The Standard Edition. (J. Strachey, Ed. & Trans.; P. Gay, Intro.). W.W. Norton & Company (Original work published 1929).
GOETZ, Judith (2017): “Aber wir haben die wahre Natur der Geschlechter erkannt…”. Geschlechterpolitiken, Anti-feminismus und Homofeindlichkeit im Denken der ‚Identitären‘. In: Goetz, Judith/Sedlacek, Joseph. M/Winkler, Alexander (eds.): Untergangster des Abendlandes. Ideologie und Rezeption der rechtsextremen ‚Identitären‘. Marta Press, 253-284.
HAAS, Julia (2020), „Anständige Mädchen” und “selbstbewusste Rebellinnen,” Aktuelle Selbstbilder identitä-rer Frauen. Marta Press.
HERMANN, Melanie (2020), „Antimoderner Abwehrkampf – zum Zusammenhang von Antisemitismus und Anti-feminismus,“ https://www.idz-jena.de/wsddet/wsd7-4/
LANG, Juliane and Peters, Ulrich (2015), „Anti-feministische Geschlechter- und Familienpolitiken von Rechts,“in MBT Hamburg (ed.): Monitoring No. 4.
LEEB, Claudia (2018): “A Festival for Frustrated Egos: The Rise of Trump from an Early Frankfurt School Critical Theory Perspective”, in Angel Jaramillo and Sable Marc (eds.): Trump and Political Philosophy: Patriotism, Cosmopolitanism and Civic Virtue, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 297-314.
LEEB, Claudia (2024): Contesting the Far Right: A Psychoanalytic and Feminist Critical Theory Approach. New York: Columbia University Press.
MARASCO, R. (2018, October), “There is a Fascist in the Family: Critical Theory and Antiauthoritarianism,” The South Atlantic Quarterly, 117(4), 791-813.
MARASCO, R, Gerhardt Ch., and Wetters, K. (eds) (January 2022), “The Authoritarian Personality,” Polity, Vol. 54, no. 1.
SCHUTZBACH, Franziska (2019), “Anti-feminism is making right-wing stances socially acceptable,” https://www.gwi-boell.de/en/2019/05/03/anti-feminism-making-right-wing-stances-socially-acceptable
SIGL, Johanna (2016), “Female right-wing dropouts and meanings of violence,” In: Santos, Hermilio/Köttig, Michaela (eds.): Mulheres e violência. Civitas – Revista de Ciências Sociais, Vol. 2, 71-85.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Claudia Leeb

Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
Aquellos autores/as que tengan publicaciones con esta revista, aceptan los términos siguientes:
1. Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
2. Los autores/as podrán adoptar otros acuerdos de licencia no exclusiva de distribución de la versión de la obra publicada (p. ej.: depositarla en un archivo telemático institucional o publicarla en un volumen monográfico) siempre que se indique la publicación inicial en esta revista.
3. Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as difundir su obra a través de Internet (p. ej.: en archivos telemáticos institucionales o en su página web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, lo cual puede producir intercambios interesantes y aumentar las citas de la obra publicada. (Véase El efecto del acceso abierto).
Confidencialidad de los datos
1. Constelaciones. Revista de Teoría Crítica garantiza que los datos que nos envíe serán utilizados únicamente para atender sus demandas manifestadas en este mensaje.
2. Sus datos no serán cedidos a terceros.
3. Cuando lo desee puede solicitar que sus datos sean eliminados de nuestros registros.